From about 7 years old, cats start to age. Their metabolism slows, they’re often less active, and some of the health problems of later life can begin to appear. Many pet food brands offer foods labeled “mature,” “senior,” “7+” or “11+.” Here’s what to look for when choosing food for an older cat.
Do Cats Over 7 Need Senior Food?
Not necessarily. There are no official nutritional standards for senior cat foods in the US or UK, so their content varies widely between brands. A healthy 7-year-old cat at a good weight may do perfectly well on its usual complete adult food. The right choice depends on your cat’s weight, health and appetite, which is why it’s a good idea to discuss your cat’s diet with your vet at its annual checkup.
What to Look For
- “Complete and balanced” (US, AAFCO) or “complete” (UK, FEDIAF) on the label.
- Good-quality, highly digestible protein. Healthy older cats need plenty of protein to maintain muscle. Avoid choosing a low-protein food unless your vet recommends one.
- The right calorie content. Mature cats that are gaining weight may need a lower-calorie food; older cats that are losing weight often need a more energy-dense, tasty food.
- Moisture. Wet food helps older cats stay hydrated.
- Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish oil), which may support joint, skin and kidney health.
- Antioxidants, such as vitamin E and vitamin C, which are often added to senior foods.
- Moderate phosphorus, which may be helpful for aging kidneys.
- Fiber, which can help with hairballs and constipation.
- Kibble size and texture that’s easy to eat, or soft wet food for cats with dental problems.
Read more: how to read cat food labels.
Older Cats with Special Needs
Many health problems in older cats can be managed partly with diet, but they need a diagnosis first:
- Kidney disease, one of the most common conditions in senior cats, is often managed with a prescription kidney diet.
- Hyperthyroidism causes weight loss despite a big appetite and needs veterinary treatment.
- Diabetes is often managed with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet alongside other treatment.
- Arthritis may be helped by weight control and joint-support diets.
- Dental disease may mean your cat needs softer food until it’s treated.
- Obesity, which is common in middle-aged cats. Read more about feeding a cat to lose weight.
Don’t start a prescription diet without your vet’s advice, as these diets aren’t suitable for healthy cats.
Switching to a Senior Food
If you and your vet decide to change your cat’s food, do it gradually over 7–10 days or longer. Read more: how to switch your cat to a new food and feeding a senior cat.
