After neutering, a male cat stops roaming, fighting and spraying, and usually becomes calmer and more affectionate. But his energy needs drop, while his appetite often goes up, so neutered males are prone to weight gain. Neutered males are also more prone to urinary problems, so the right diet is especially important.
Why Do Neutered Cats Gain Weight?
After neutering, a cat’s energy needs can drop by around 20–30%. If he keeps eating the same amount of food, he’ll gain weight. Overweight cats are more likely to develop diabetes, arthritis and urinary problems. Read more about obesity in cats.
Urinary Health in Neutered Males
Male cats have a long, narrow urethra, so they’re more prone to urinary blockages caused by crystals, stones or inflammation. Being overweight, inactive, stressed and drinking too little all increase the risk. To help protect his urinary health:
- include wet food in his diet;
- encourage drinking with several water bowls or a water fountain;
- keep him at a healthy weight;
- choose a complete food that supports urinary health;
- keep litter boxes clean and reduce stress.
A male cat straining in the litter box and producing little or no urine is an emergency. A blocked bladder can be fatal within a day or two. Take him to a vet immediately, even at night. Read more about cystitis in cats.
Choosing Food for a Neutered Cat
You don’t have to buy a special “neutered” food, but many owners find them useful. They’re usually lower in calories, higher in protein and fiber, and formulated to support urinary health. Choose a complete and balanced food suitable for his age, and switch gradually. Old advice to avoid all fish or dry food after neutering isn’t necessary for most cats; what matters most is a complete diet, the right portion size and plenty of water. If your cat has had urinary problems, your vet may recommend a prescription urinary diet.
Feeding Tips
- feed measured meals, usually two to four a day, rather than leaving food out all day;
- weigh the food with kitchen scales or use the measuring cup that comes with it;
- include wet food, which helps with hydration and fills him up with fewer calories;
- use puzzle feeders and treat balls to slow eating and keep him busy;
- keep treats to no more than 10% of daily calories;
- play with him every day to keep him active;
- weigh him every month or two, and adjust portions if him gains or loses weight;
- always provide fresh water.
What About Kittens?
Many cats are spayed or neutered at around 4–6 months, while they’re still growing. Kittens should stay on a complete kitten food until about 12 months old (or longer for large breeds), but you may need to reduce portions slightly to avoid weight gain. Ask your vet. Read more about feeding a kitten.
Read more: neutering a male cat and feeding a spayed cat.
